整理/沈杰群 制图/张玉佳

　　知言

　　“知言”指察知言辞的真意。早期儒家的《论语》《孟子》等著作中都提到“知言”的概念。儒家认为，言辞是人们表达和交流的中介，但由于种种原因，很多时候言辞并不能准确、真实、完整地传达意义。因此儒家强调要善于辨察言辞偏离真意的原因，并在此基础之上进一步探究言辞的真意。

　　Discerning Statements

　　This term means to discern the true meaning of statements. This concept is mentioned in early Confucian classics such as The Analects and Mencius. Confucianism regarded statements as the vehicle through which people express themselves and communicate with others. However, for various reasons, statements often cannot accurately, faithfully or fully convey the true meaning that was intended to convey. Hence Confucianism emphasized the need to discern statements to find out why they deviated from the true meaning and further explore it.

　　引例不知言，无以知人也。（《论语·尧曰》）（不善于分辨别人的话，就不能真正地了解他们。）

　　If you do not discern statements of others, you cannot understand them. (The Analects)

　　来源：中国青年报

　　2026年10月16日 01版