整理/夏瑾 制图/李晗

　　厉与西施，道通为一

　　身长癞疮的人与美丽的西施，从道的角度看都可相通为一。厉，通“癞”，指长有癞疮的人。这是庄子关于审美相对性的著名论述。庄子的这一思想，强调从造物的本原看，美丑都符合道，都具有内在的同一性。这个思想启发后世的文艺评论家从相反相成的维度去看待自然万物与文学创作。

　　A Scabby Person and the Beautiful Lady Xishi Are the Same in the Eyes of Dao

　　This is a famous statement made by Zhuangzi on how beauty is relative. Originally it meant there was no difference between a beauty and an ugly person, because they both came from and reflected Dao. The character "lai" meant covered in scabs in ancient Chinese. Zhuangzi, from the perspective of the origin of all things, stressed that beauty and ugliness are both in accord with Dao and are inherently the same. This idea has encouraged later literary critics to look at all things, including literary works, from the perspective that opposite things complement each other.

　　引例

　　举莛与楹，厉与西施，恢恑憰怪，道通为一。（《庄子·齐物论》）（细小的草茎与高大的庭柱，身长癞疮的人与美丽的西施，还有各种诡变怪异的事物，在本质上都不是彼此割裂的，可以统一为整体。）

　　In the light of dao, a small blade of grass or a tall pillar, someone as ugly as a favus patient or someone as beautiful as Lady Xishi, as well as crafty and strange things, are all the same. (Zhuangzi)

　　来源：中国青年报

　　2026年09月29日 02版