妙造自然

　　指诗歌创作臻于自然天成的妙境，是由晚唐诗人司空图提出的诗学批评术语。“妙造自然”既是诗人所创造的一种自然美的境界，也是诗人在诗歌创作中对自然美的自觉追求。“妙造”二字，与西方美学传统的“摹仿”理论形成了鲜明对比，强调了艺术家与自然万物生命既有同一性又有超越自然万物生命的主体创造精神。

　　Perfect Naturalness

　　This term describes a poetic work which has attained the sublime state of natural appeal. First put forward by late-Tang poet Sikong Tu as a term of poetry discourse. Perfect naturalness is an ideal natural state of beauty created by poets, and also a conscious exertion sought by them in poetic composition. This notion stands in contrast to the imitation theory in Western aesthetic tradition. It seeks to achieve oneness between the poet and all lives in the universe, and at the same time maintains the individual creativity above all other lives.

　　引 例

　　生气远出，不著死灰。妙造自然，伊谁与裁？（司空图《二十四诗品·精神》）（作品生气活力超然远出，绝无丝毫刻板死灰。已是臻于自然天成的妙境，谁还能够加以剪裁？）

　　来源：中国青年报

　　2026年07月04日 01版